Anders Breivik smiled as he entered the court and gave a closed-fist salute
The
man who carried out bomb and gun attacks in Norway last year which left
77 people dead has pleaded not guilty at the start of his trial in
Oslo.
Anders Behring Breivik attacked a youth camp organised by the
governing Labour party on the island of Utoeya, after setting off a car
bomb in the capital.
He told the court he "acknowledged" the acts committed, but said he did not accept criminal responsibility.
The prosecution earlier gave a detailed account of how each person was killed.
If the court decides he is criminally insane, he will be
committed to psychiatric care; if he is judged to be mentally stable, he
will be jailed.
In the latter case, he faces a sentence of 21 years, which could be extended to keep him behind bars for the rest of his life.
The 33-year-old Norwegian was found insane in one
examination, while a second assessment made public last week found him
mentally competent.
The prosecution presented details of the attacks on Utoeya
island, which included a harrowing emergency telephone call from one of
the youths there. More than 50 gunshots and screaming could be heard in
the background.
Breivik remained seemingly unmoved throughout.
Yet earlier he broke down in tears as the prosecution
screened his own propaganda video, which he posted online shortly before
his attacks. A report from Norwegian TV2 said that by reading his lips
he appeared to tell one of his defence team that "it was an emotional
video".
Breivik also showed emotion as the prosecution showed illustrations and video from the car bomb attack in Oslo city centre.
While victims and their families cried as the blast could be seen, Breivik smiled on several occasions.
'Self-defence'
Dressed in a dark suit, Breivik smiled
as he entered the courtroom and a guard removed his handcuffs. He then
gave a closed-fist salute.
He later told the lead judge, Wenche Elisabeth Arntzen: "I do
not recognise the Norwegian courts. You have received your mandate from
political parties which support multiculturalism."
He also said he did not recognise the authority of Judge
Arntzen, claiming she was friends with the sister of former Prime
Minister and Labour party leader Gro Harlem Brundtland.
The judge noted the objections, which Breivik's lawyer said
were not official, and said the defence could follow up on them in their
opening arguments.
Breivik described his occupation as a "writer", currently working from prison.
Prosecutor Inga Bejer Engh read out the charges against him
and gave an extensively detailed account of how each person was killed
or injured in last year's attacks.
She said the attacks "created fear in the Norwegian
population", adding: "The defendant has committed very serious crimes,
on a scale which hasn't been experienced in our country in modern
times."
Breivik showed no emotion, looking down at the table in front of him.
At the end of the indictment, he told the court: "I
acknowledge the acts, but not criminal guilt - I claim I was doing it in
self-defence."
Breivik has already confessed to the attacks on 22 July. In
the car bombing outside government buildings in Oslo, eight people were
killed and 209 wounded.
He killed 67 people and wounded 33 - most of them teenagers -
in his shooting spree at the youth camp on Utoeya. A further two people
died by falling or drowning.
At a court hearing in February, Breivik said his killing
spree was "a preventative attack against state traitors", who were
guilty of "ethnic cleansing" because they supported a multicultural
society.
His lawyer has said his only regret is that "he did not go further".
"It is difficult to understand, but I am telling you this to
prepare people for his testimony," Geir Lippestad told reporters before
the trial.
Investigators have found no evidence to support Breivik's
claims that he belonged to a secret "resistance" movement, the "Knights
Templar", named after a military and religious order founded during the
Crusades to fight the enemies of Christendom.
"In our opinion such a network does not exist," prosecutor Svein Holden told the court on Monday.
A 12-minute-long film about the
evils of "multiculturalism" and "Islamic demographic warfare", which
Breivik posted online on the day of the attacks, was shown in court
before the trial was adjourned for lunch. As it concluded, he could be
seen wiping tears from his eyes.
Later, previously unreleased surveillance footage of the Oslo bombing was shown.
Some of the survivors and relatives of those killed
reportedly gasped after footage was played of Breivik's
explosives-packed vehicle exploding, followed by scenes of panic as
people fled and pieces of metal fell to the ground. But the defendant
was impassive, and at times even smirked.
The court later adjourned for the day.
Parts of the trial will be shown on television, but the court
will not allow Breivik's testimony or that of his witnesses to be
broadcast. Breivik is scheduled to take the stand for about a week,
starting on Tuesday.
The BBC's Steve Rosenberg in Oslo says that with Breivik not
expected to express any remorse for his actions, his trial promises to
be an ordeal for the families of those killed and for those who
survived.
Jorid Nordmelan, a survivor of the Utoeya massacre, told the BBC she would be in court to hear Breivik testify.
"It's a historical date for Norwegians," she said. "We never had a trial like this, so we don't know what's going to happen.
"Prosecutors told me they were going to make the opening
statements awful, so that people can just feel what he did right there."
Police have sealed off streets around the courtroom, which
was specially built for the trial to accommodate more than 200 people.
Glass partitions have been put up to separate the victims and their
families from Breivik.